Body Systems Affected
Relative intensity of effect on each system, scored 0 (minimal) – 5 (significant)
Scientific Reference
Understanding Psychoactive Substances
A side-by-side look at the pharmacology, body systems affected, and research-backed benefits and risks of six commonly discussed substances — plus their current legal status in South Africa.
infoEducational content only.
This page summarises publicly available scientific and legal information for general knowledge purposes. It is not medical advice, does not endorse use of any substance, and does not provide dosage, administration or sourcing guidance. Several substances covered are illegal under South African law and possession carries criminal penalties. If you or someone you know is struggling with substance use, contact the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) on 0800 21 22 23, available 24/7.
How They Compare
Relative, qualitative comparisons drawn from pharmacological literature — not precise clinical measurements.
Dependence vs. Acute Risk
Long-term dependence potential compared with acute/overdose risk
Typical Duration of Effects
Broad reference ranges reported in pharmacological literature
Legal status across six jurisdictions — hover a pill for details.
| Substance | South Africa | United States (Federal) | United Kingdom | Netherlands | Portugal | Canada |
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